Authentication and Authorization: Key Concepts In the context of security, authentication and authorization are two fundamental concepts, but they serve different purposes and work together to protect resources and systems. Let’s explore each concept in detail: 1. Authentication Authentication is the process of verifying the identity of a user or entity (e.g., an application) attempting […]
JWT Signature and Validation Explained JWT (JSON Web Token) is a compact, URL-safe way of representing claims to be transferred between two parties. A JWT is commonly used for authentication and authorization purposes in modern web applications, especially in the context of stateless, token-based security models. A JWT typically consists of three parts: Header Payload […]
In a Spring Boot application, you should validate user roles in the authorization layer, typically using Spring Security. You can restrict access to resources based on user roles at multiple levels within your application, such as: Method-Level Authorization (using annotations like @PreAuthorize and @Secured) URL-Level Authorization (using Spring Security configuration) Custom Access Decision Managers (for […]
In a typical Spring Boot application, the architecture is structured into several layers that follow the Separation of Concerns (SoC) principle. Each layer is responsible for a specific aspect of the application, making it easier to maintain, test, and scale. The basic layers in a Spring Boot application are: 1. Presentation Layer (Web Layer) Purpose: […]
Creating robust, scalable, and secure REST APIs requires adherence to best practices in design, security, versioning, and documentation. Following best practices ensures that APIs are easier to maintain, extend, and understand for both developers and users. Below are some key best practices for building RESTful APIs: 1. Use Meaningful and Consistent Resource Names Resource-Based URLs: […]
Aspect-Oriented Programming (AOP) is a programming paradigm that complements object-oriented programming by allowing developers to separate cross-cutting concerns from the core business logic. Cross-cutting concerns are functionalities that are spread across multiple modules and components, such as logging, security, transaction management, performance monitoring, and exception handling. In AOP, these concerns are modularized into special components […]
What is AutoConfiguration in Spring Boot? In Spring Boot, auto-configuration is a powerful mechanism that automatically configures beans and other components based on the classpath and available beans, eliminating the need for manual configuration in most cases. It is part of the Spring Boot Starter infrastructure and aims to make it as easy as possible […]
A Circuit Breaker is a design pattern used in microservices architecture to handle potential failures in a more resilient and controlled way. It helps prevent cascading failures in distributed systems by monitoring interactions between services and stopping requests to failing services before they affect the entire system. The Circuit Breaker pattern is used to wrap […]
Cross-Site Request Forgery (CSRF) Cross-Site Request Forgery (CSRF) is a type of web security vulnerability where an attacker tricks a user into performing actions on a web application in which they are already authenticated. The attacker takes advantage of the trust that the web application has in the user’s browser, using that trust to perform […]
Idempotency is a concept in computing, particularly in the context of APIs and distributed systems, that refers to operations that produce the same result no matter how many times they are executed. In other words, an idempotent operation can be safely repeated multiple times without changing the outcome after the first execution. Key Points of […]